March 21
March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). There are 285 days remaining. Events * 1556 - In Oxford, Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer is burned at the stake for treason. * 1788 - A fire destroys 856 buildings in New Orleans leaving most of the town in ruins. * 1800 - Pius VII becomes Pope * 1804 - Code Napoleon adopted as French civil law * 1918 - World War I: Second Battle of the Somme begins * 1928 - Charles Lindbergh is presented the Congressional Medal of Honor for his first trans-Atlantic flight. * 1935 - Persia is renamed Iran * 1945 - World War II: British troops liberate Mandalay, Burma * 1952 - Alan Freed presents the Moondog Coronation Ball, the first rock and roll concert, in Cleveland, Ohio * 1960 - Apartheid: Massacre in Sharpeville, South Africa: Afrikaner police open fire on a group of unarmed black South African demonstrators, killing 69 and wounding 180 * 1963 - Alcatraz, a federal penitentiary on an island in San Francisco Bay, closes. * 1965 - Ranger program: NASA launches Ranger 9 which is the last in a series of unmanned lunar space probes. * 1980 - President Jimmy Carter announces a United States boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow protesting the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan. * 1980 - On the season finale of the soap opera Dallas, the infamous character J.R. Ewing is shot by an unseen assailant leading to the catchphrase "Who Shot JR?" * 1989 - Sports Illustrated reports allegations that tie Pete Rose to baseball gambling. * 1990 - After 75 years of South African rule Namibia becomes independent. * 1999 - Bertrand Piccard and Brian Jones become the first to circumnavigate the Earth in a hot air balloon. * 2002 - In Pakistan, Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh along with three other suspects are charged with murder for their part in the kidnapping and killing of Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl. Births * 1685 - Johann Sebastian Bach, composer (+ 1750) * 1763 - Jean Paul, poet and publicist (+ 1825) * 1768 - Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier, French mathematician (+ 1830) * 1806 - Benito Juarez, Mexican statesman and folk hero (+ 1872) * 1839 - Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky, Russian composer (+ 1881) * 1869 - Florenz Ziegfeld, theatrical producer (+ 1932) * 1882 - Gilbert M. 'Broncho Billy' Anderson, actor (+ 1971) * 1901 - Karl Arnold, politician (+ 1958) * 1902 - Son House, blues musician (+ 1988) * 1922 - Russ Meyer, pornographic film director, producer * 1927 - Hans-Dietrich Genscher, politician * 1958 - Gary Oldman, actor * 1960 - Ayrton Senna, automobile racer (+ 1994) * 1962 - Rosie O'Donnell, comedian, actress, talk show host, publisher * 1962 - Matthew Broderick, actor Deaths * 1556 - Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury * 1795 - Giovanni Arduino, geologist * 1884 - Ezra Abbot, american bible scholar * 1958 - Cyril M. Kornbluth, science fiction writer * 1984 - Sir Michael Redgrave, actor * 1987 - Robert Preston, actor * 2001 - Norma Macmillan, cartoon voice actress Holidays and observances * South Africa: Human Rights Day * Traditional date of vernal equinox, used for reckoning Easter. The real equinox usually occurs one day earlier. * The third day of Quinquatria in ancient Rome, held in honor of Minerva. * Bah‡'’ Faith: Naw Rœz - Bah‡'’ New Years * Bah‡'’ Faith - Bah‡ (Splendor) - First day of the first month of the Bah‡'’ Calendar * Bah‡'’ Faith - End of the fast (end of the 19 day sunrise to sunset fast * World Day Of Sleep- by World Health Organization
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