Herophilus

Herophilus (335-280 BC) was a Greek physician. He was born in Chalcedon in
Asia Minor (now Kadikšy, Turkey). He is known as the first anatomist in
history. Together with Erasistratus he is regarded as a founder of the great
medical school of Alexandria. He was the first to base his conclusions on
dissection of the human body. He studied the brain, recognizing it as the
center of the nervous system and the site of intelligence. He also paid
particular attention to the nervous system, distinguishing nerves from blood
vessels and the motor from the sensory nerves. Other areas of his anatomical
study include the eye, liver, pancreas and the alimentary tract as well as
the salivary and genital organs. His works were lost but were much quoted by
Galen in the 2nd century AD.

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